quarkin' it up to the top, down to the bottom, and charmin' the strange

all quarks have 1/2 spin.

all mesons have 0 spin.

protons and neutrons are quarks.

pions are mesons.

quarks and mesons are HADRONS.

electrons, muons and tauons are LEPTONS.

LEPTONS and HADRONS make up FERMIONS.

all things are made of FERMIONS.

LEPTONS do not experience STRONG INTERACTION.

HADRONS experience STRONG INTERACTION.

up up down makes a proton.

down down up makes a neutron.

down down up up punch makes scorpion does fatality in mortal kombat II.

up: isospin = 1/2, strangeness = 0

down: isospin = -1/2, strangeness = 0

strange: isospin = 0, strangeness = -1

charge Q = I + (S+B)/2, I is isospin, S is strangeness, B is baryon number.

all baryons have B = 1/3

Q(u) = 1/2 + (0+1/3)/2 = 2/3

Q(d) = -1/2 + (0+1/3)/2 = -1/3

Q(s) = 0 + (-1+1/3)/2 = -1/3

strange pairs with charm, so Q(c) = 2/3

top pairs with bottom, Q(b) = -1/3, Q(t) = 2/3

pion -> neutrino + muon

muon -> electron + neutrino + neutrino

proton is made of 3 quarks, each quark has B=1/3, so proton has B=1. same with neutron.

antiproton has B=-1. negative sign means anti-particle.

kaon is a meson. S=1, B=0